Diagnosis: Adverse Effects of Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor Mobilization
• Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is the principal hematopoietic growth factor used for hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) mobilization.
• G-CSF is usually administered once a day by subcutaneous injection in doses ranging from 5 to 20 μg/kg/day.
• G-CSF is associated with the release of metalloproteases that are hypothesized to cleave at least one receptor–ligand pair that tethers stem cells to the bone marrow stroma.
• G-CSF causes a predictable increase in circulating CD34+ stem cells and other leukocytes. Peripheral blood stem cell collection can usually begin about 3 to 4 days after the first dose.
• Symptoms that have been reported with G-CSF administration include bone pain, myalgia, headache, fatigue, insomnia, flu-like symptoms, nausea, sweats, anorexia, fever, chills, emesis, and allergic reactions.