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27) Which one of the following best describes the effect(s) of high-protein, low-carbohydrate diets, such as the Atkins diet, on laboratory results?

They have no effect on laboratory results. They increase urine ketones and increase BUNlevels in serum. They decrease urine ketones and decrease serum blood urea nitrogen levels. They decrease urine ketones and increase serum blood urea nitrogen levels. They increase urine ketones in the urine and decrease serum blood urea nitrogen levels.

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• Physiologic factors that may affect laboratory results should be minimized before phlebotomy.

• Some types of physiologic factors include diurnal variation, exercise, fasting, diet, ethanol consumption, smoking, drug ingestion, and posture.

• An individual’s diet can greatly affect laboratory results.

• These dietary effects are transient and easily controlled.

• High-protein, low-carbohydrate diets, such as the Atkins diet, increase urine ketones and increase serum levels of blood urea nitrogen.

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Clinical Pathology: General Principles, Lab Management, Clinical Chemistry

27) Which one of the following best describes the effect(s) of high-protein, low-carbohydrate diets, such as the Atkins diet, on laboratory results?

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